Born in Burma, he studied art under Stanhope Forbes at Newlyn in 1938 and attended the Slade School in 1939 and then again after the war between 1945-47. As a POW he met and taught Terry Frost and in 1949 and 1951 visited St. Ives where he met Ben Nicholson. In the early 1950s he was associated with the Martins, Pasmore and Anthony Hill and arranged exhibitions in his studio for abstract artists. Influenced by Hambidge, Ghyka and D'Arcy Thompson, he published the essay Abstract Art: Its Origins and Meaning, Alec Tiranti, 1953, and between 1953 and 1954 made a series of constructions. He exhibited first at the Musée Carcassone, 1948, and from 1953 showed at the Redfern Gallery, London, as well as at other London galleries, in the provinces and abroad. His work has been shown in many group exhibitions and is in national and international public collections including the Tate Gallery and the Hirschhorn Museum, Washington. He taught at Bath Academy of Art, 1955-76, and at the University of Reading, 1980-5. He was Chairman of the AIA 1955-64 and on the panel of the Arts Council, 1964-7. His painting moved from abstraction to semi-abstraction and developed a style which retained memories of nature and combined the abstract with the experience of the motif. His drawings from nature and the figure became sources for painterly invention. A series of retrospective exhibitions have been arranged in recent years by Jonathan Clark, London.